Woven plush fabric



(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 1. G. BATH. WOVEN PLUSH FABRIC.

v No. 422,447. Patented Mar. 4, 1890;

N. PETERS, PhntoL'rlhbgrnphur. Waihhglom D. C.

(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 2, I

. G. BATH.

WOVEN PLUSH FABRIC.

No. 422,447. Y Patented Mar. 4, 1890.

Min cases I r Jnw fifqr I N. FETERS Phoiolilhoghplier. Whhinglun, D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

GEORG BATH, OF ELBERFELD, PRUSSIA, GERMANY.

WOVEN PLUSH FABRIC.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 422,447, dated March 4,1890.

Application filed October 18, 1888. fierial No. 288,510. (No specimens.)

. To all whom it may concern.-

In. w I

Be it known that I, GEORG BATH, a subject of the King of Prussia, GermanEmperor, residing at Elberfeld, in the Kingdom of Prussia, GermanEmpire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Woven PlushFabrics, of which the following is a full and clear description.

My invention relates in particular to plushes which are .woven double bypowerlooms, and resides particularly in the manner in which thepile-threads are-woven into the grounds or backs, so that when thedouble cloth is cut apart the pile-threads stand upright, as is usual inhand woven plushes, but which has not yet been accomplished in thosewoven by power looms. The two important points in my invention andthoseby which I attain this result are, first, the manner in which thepilethreads are fastened into the grounds or backs, and, secondly, byspinning the pile-threads left and right hand, so that when two pilethreads are standing together woven in the same mesh the one is spunright while the other is spun left hand. The two neighboring threadswill therefore have a tendency to twist away from each other and willthus stand close together and hold each other upright.

In order to make my invention more clear, I refer 'to the accompanyingdrawings, in

which similar letters denote similar parts throughout the several views.

Figure 1 is a section of a doubleplush fabric on a line running parallelwith the pilethreads,with the weft-threads in section. The

, weft-threads are in this figure, for the sake of clearness, drawnfarther apart than is really the case. If they were drawn quitecorrectly, the pile-threadbwould be compressed against pile-thread a,and the two would not be so easily distinguishable.

Fig. 2 is a section through between the two grounds or backs in Fig. 1,showing the plush loose, just as it is shown in Fig. 1, for the sake ofclearness. Fig. 3 shows the finished plush, the warp ground-threadsbeing drawn in their proper position and with the pile-threads in theposition which they occupy in the finished plush.

I employ three sets of threads the warp ground-threads 1 2 1' 2', 860.,the weft threads d d (1 d &c., and the warp pile-threads ab 0 d and themanner in which they are woven together is as follows: The weft-threadsd d (l (1 run through the whole ground or back, both top and bottom. Thewarp groundthreads 1 2 in the back A and 1 2' in the back B also runthrough the fabric at right angles to the weft-threads, warp-thread 1passing over two weft-threads; Fig. "1, then under two alternately, andwarp-thread 2 passing under the same two over which warp-thread 1 haspassed and over those two under which 1 has passed, alternately, as maybe clearly seen from the drawings. This is the same in both the backs Aand B. The warp pilelines in Fig. 1. Between each two pairs of warpground-threads 1 2 or 1' 2 comes a warp pile-thread a or b.Pile-thread 1) passes over weft-thread a of the upper ground A, thendown to the under ground 13, under the under ground weft-thread 03*,over the under ground weft-threads d d, under the. weft-thread next at,and then passes to the top ground again, describes the same course inthe upper ground as it has in the lower ground, and so on. Pile thread adescribes exactly the same course as pile-thread b. but alternates withthat thread. As will be seen in Figs. 1 and 2, thread a passes over andunder those weftthreads in the under ground which thread I) has omitted,and then crosses thread b on its way to the upper ground or back again,being interwoven in those threads which I) has omitted. The pile-threadsc and 01 take exactly the same courses as a and b, but two warpgroundthreads in each ground fabric lie between the threads (0 b and 0(Z.

If in Fig. 1 the pile-threads a b c d were cut through, the sectionwould be Fig. 2. These two figures, however, show the plush loose, forthe sake of clearness, but as a matter of fact the threads lie quiteclosely together, as shown in Fig. 3.

In power-woven plushes thefthreads forming the pile are common to bothgrounds, while in all hand-woven plushes, as is well known, thepile-thread is left hanging out in the form of a loop, which isafterward cut through, and thus the two pile-threads stand opposite eachother and consequentlyperfectly upright. Now,in power-woven doubleplushes ICQ it is necessary that two threads at and Z) he used insteadof one formed into a loop, and by. my invention I bring these twothreads to stand in the same manner as if they had been one threadformed into a loop.

As will be seen from Fig. 3, the tWo pilethreads a and Z) or o and (Zstand exactly opposite each other, and, being spun right and left, theytend to hold each other in a perfectly upright position. They arefurther held well in place by the two adjacent warp groundthreads, whichpass-one on each side of the pile-threads-both at .the same height, andthe two weft-threads pass the pile-threads also at the same height oneachside. This is an important point in my fabric, because, if the warpground-thread which is on one side of the two pile-threads passes overthe two weftthreads, and the warp ground-thread lying on the other sideof the pile'threads passes under the weft-threads, the pile-threads willof course have a tendency to lean to the side where the supporting warpground-thread lies lowest, which leaning of the ilethreads spoils theWhole appearance of the plush. From this it will be seen that I have bymy invention eliminated the disadvantages accruing up to the present topower-Woven plushcs and have succeeded in producing a power-woven plushhaving all the advantages of those woven by hand.

Having thus fully described and ascertained the nature of my invention,I declare that what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent ofthe United States, is-

A plush fabric having the cut end of each

